Progressive Research
Tuesday, February 26, 2019
Thursday, February 21, 2019
Public Health Movement Pictures
Thursday, January 31, 2019
Immigration Essay
In present times, the United States of America is seen as one of the most dominant rising powers in the world and a place of opportunity. With the scale of innovation and jobs and education and an opportunity for a good life, it comes with no surprise that immigrants around the world flock to the promised land of the United State of America. Unfortunately, a large number of immigrants coming into the United States are doing so illegally because the process of coming into the United States legally is more time consuming and strenuous then you would think. Approximately 675,000 immigrants are allowed to come into the United States annually and that is a fraction compared to the millions of people trying to become Americans and have opportunities for success. The process of naturalization has many requirements to pass and can take years and years to accomplish and because of this we see many immigrants reach the inside of the United States illegally instead of taking the legal path.
The first step in becoming a U.S. citizen is determining if you are already a U.S. citizen or not, such as you were born in the United States to an illegal immigrant and given the birthright of U.S. citizenship. Obviously, this is not the case for the majority of people wanting to come into the United States and for them they need to see if they are eligible to become a citizen through the requirements of Form N-400. Form N-400 is the application to becoming a citizen. Before the form is even able to be filed the applicant must be 18 years or older and a permanent resident who has lived in the United States continuously for 5 years. And within those 5 years the applicant must be physically in the United States for 30 months of the 60 months, so if a job or vacation takes the applicant out of the United States it cannot be for more than 30 months over time. On top of that, the applicant needs to be able to understand basic reading, writing, and speaking in English and also know basic U.S. history and government and understand and agree with the Constitution. And lastly, have a good moral character.
Of course for the step that requires the applicant have been in the United States for 5 years a green card is needed. And the process of acquiring a green card is of itself a time consuming and strenuous task and the card only lasts for 10 years when it needs to be renewed. One of the best ways to obtain a green card is though employment but unless you have special abilities or distinguished academics this may be challenging for the applicant. Obviously, an immigrant owning the title PhD or has earned a Noble Bell Peace Prize would stand out and have a higher chance of being accepted than a construction working with possibly a few years of high education. What the immigration services look for can range from armed forces members to investors that would create more jobs. Acquiring a green card can take many paths and become a long endeavor and this is only a small part of the 20 page Form N-400 that needs to be completed in order to become a citizen.
When or if the applicant is able to complete and submit the Form N-400 there are even more steps to be taken. After the form is accepted a few weeks later the applicant is sent an appointment notice for bio-metrics. In this appointment the fingerprints, photograph, and signature are taken to verify your information. You will be told everything you need such as identification. Possibly more appointments will be scheduled if machines aren’t working or their was a mistake and you are required to attend all of them. After the bio-metric appointment a notice is sent for the naturalization interview. In this interview the applicant will be tested on 10 civics questions out of a pool of 100 and also be given an English language test. You will also be interviewed on your immigration background and your N-400 application. The people conducting the interviews and tests will immediately know the results and tell you so there is no waiting to see if you passed or failed. If you do not pass then the interview and tests can be done again but you only have two chances on the tests.
And after completing all these requirements you are given a notice to take the Oath of Allegiance to the United States in a public place. Finally the applicant is a U.S. citizen and only needs to understand his or her rights and responsibilities as a citizen. But, of course each individual requirement takes extreme amount of time and effort and this is only scratching the surface of complexity it could have on certain applicants. There are other factors in individuals lives that complicate the process more than it already takes.
Imagine putting yourself in the shoes of others seeking to come into the United States. Imagine the time and effort it would take to do all this and what if you had a family? What if you had no money or job? It comes as no surprise that so many people try to reach the United States illegally, but the difficulty cannot be an excuse to come into the United State illegally. In the end it comes down to luck and the fact of where you are born and to what family. All of us living in the United States have it easy in a sense and it is extremely difficult for others to obtain what we all take for granted.
Sources:
U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services, Citizenship through Naturalization
Road to Status, How Long Does it Take to Become a U.S. Citizen?
 |
| The Wall Street Journal, The Day I Got My Green Card |
 |
| Legal Beagle, Difference Between Certificate of Citizenship & Naturalization |
 |
| Wikipedia, Citizenship of the United States |
Sources:
U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services, Citizenship through Naturalization
Road to Status, How Long Does it Take to Become a U.S. Citizen?
U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services, Study for the Test
The Balance Careers, How to Get a Green Card to Work in the US
The Atlantic, What the Waiting List for Legal Residency Actually Looks Like
The Balance Careers, How to Get a Green Card to Work in the US
The Atlantic, What the Waiting List for Legal Residency Actually Looks Like
Friday, January 11, 2019
2.2 - Success Factors
3) Hard Work ===> Skill ===> Opportunity ===> Luck
4) I believe hard work is the most essential and important piece in finding success because hard work is what causes new skills to occur and more opportunities to arise. If an opportunity comes up but you are not ready and have not worked hard enough and gained skills then you can not follow up on that opportunity and that is not successful. With hard work you can learn the ins and outs of a topic and gain all the knowledge and skills needed to strengthen yourself and become a professional. Luck is always welcome but can never be relied on. You must be ready to have the skills to follow through on an opportunity and that takes hard work, and if luck comes then that's good but if it does not come then you are ready to be successful without it.
Wednesday, January 9, 2019
Rat Research 2.1
 |
| Rats forsake chocolate to save drowning companion, Science |
When one rat is placed in a container of water and is forced to stay afloat and another rat is in a connected container with the ability to open a door and free the first rat from drowning in the water the rat would always open the door. The rat in the container without the water also had the temptation of chocolate in the container but that didn't matter because the rat would save the other struggling to stay afloat in the water by opening the door leave the chocolate.
Rats forsake chocolate to save drowning companion, Science
Tuesday, December 18, 2018
US History - Introduction to the text: America's History. 9th edition
1. In which chapter of the text is your event mentioned? Provide a page number too. Some events may have multiple page numbers. If terms related to your event are not located in the index, use your prior research to identify related terms.
The event is mentioned in chapter 6 on pages 194-195.
2. Under which heading and subheading can your topic be found?
3. Why and how is the text discussing your topic? What larger conversation is your event part of?
4. Read the passage mentioning your event. What more can you learn, that you did not already learn from your first research?
5. Annotate your poster to include relevant new information.
6.
7.
8.
The event is mentioned in chapter 6 on pages 194-195.
2. Under which heading and subheading can your topic be found?
3. Why and how is the text discussing your topic? What larger conversation is your event part of?
4. Read the passage mentioning your event. What more can you learn, that you did not already learn from your first research?
5. Annotate your poster to include relevant new information.
6.
7.
8.
Monday, December 17, 2018
First Blog (EDIT - FIXED CAPTION OF PHOTO)
 |
| Amazon: Porcelain Phrenology Head |
This is Buster and he sits on Mrs. Lawson's desk watching over the class. Him and I immediately began our friendship from the first moment we met and now we're enjoying history class together and learning new things. Together we're going to work on this history blog and complete our assignments and learn more about history at the same time. Buster is always teaching me about phrenology and the brain and I'm always learning from him. I can tell him and I will be friends through this entire school year and we'll help each other learn more.
US History - Flag Research (EDIT - FIXED CAPTIONS OF PHOTOS)
 |
| Wikipedia: Betsy Ross flag |
1. ORIGIN: When and where does the US flag originate?
In May of 1776, Betsy Ross (who lived in Philadelphia and was acquainted with George Washington) reported that she has completed the first version of the American flag but on June 14, 1777, the Continental Congress officially passed the act and established the flag as the symbol of the newly created nation.
2. EVOLUTION: When and why has it evolved?
The Betsy Ross version of the American flag had the thirteen red and white stripes and this is continued in the present day American flag, but what has mainly changed over the years is the amount of stars added for the different states. A flag timeline of the American flags shows that from 1776 to present day the design has relatively remained consistent with the addition of stars but the layout of the stars has to change. Every so often there is a very unique design of flag and after a while it is returned the well known stars and stripes.
3. DESIGN ELEMENTS / CHOICES: What factors have shaped the look of the flag, including the shapes, colors, and arrangements of stars, stripes, red, white, blue, etc.? Is there a history and purpose to these graphic design choices?
The wars and experiences of this nation have shaped the look of the flag. On a general scale, the stars represent the heavens and mankind's aspirations and goals and the stripes represent the rays from the sun. More specifically, the thirteen stripes are in remembrance of the original thirteen colonies and the stars show our states at the time, at this time there are fifty stars for the fifty states. And the colors: white means purity and innocence, red means valor and bravery (and I've heard is can symbolize the blood lost so this country could come about), and blue means vigilance, perseverance, and justice. All these symbols would mean nothing and not have the significance they do now if the experiences of the United States did not happen, such as the Revolutionary War. Because the these experiences the symbols of the flag become more personal to the citizens the United States and gives us a sense of pride and nationalism.
 |
| punditcafe: Fun with Flags: What Do Flags Stand For - Significance & Meaning |
4. MEANING
a. For what is the flag a symbol? Does consensus about the meaning of the flag appear to be fairly widespread? How can you tell? Does it seem to be widely understood as a positive symbols of national unity?
The United States of America is the greatest free country in the world so the flag is a symbol of that freedom and liberty and human right like how now everyone can be treated equally. The American flag is a symbol that Americans can rally behind anywhere in the world, on familiar territory or foreign territory. But there is not a 100% consensus about the meaning of the flag and it as a positive symbol. The American flag is a sacred symbol so should citizens be able to defile the flag without begin punished? The people who do this are trying to protest against government policy or just show their pure hatred for America, but America is the land of the free and people who desecrate the flag are exercising their first amendment right whether people agree with them or think they are being disrespectful. But the majority of citizens in the United States are thankful for what they have and respect the flag as a sacred symbol.
 |
| CNN: Why free speech is baffling to many |
b. What are the flag's nicknames? What can you learn about where those nicknames originate in our culture?
The common nicknames for the American flag are "The Stars and Stripes", "The Star-Spangled Banner", "The Red, White, and Blue", and "Old Glory". All these nicknames are self-explanatory with the literal stars and stripes and colors on the flag except for "Old Glory". The original Old Glory flag was one specific flag that was owned by Captain William Diver, but it is now on display at the Smithsonian Institution in Washington. The name "Old Glory" was only that one one flag owned by Captain Diver but now that name is widespread and every American flag is called "Old Glory".
c. What can you learn about the flag in popular music?
Through popular music about the the flag we can learn the amount of pride and heart that is carried in the citizens of the nation. Most songs about the United States and its history tell how American is the best country and can overcome anything. The songs are a way we can express our support of the country and show our patriotism. We can learn that the flag is used as the sacred symbol for the United States itself and is extremely and highly looked upon.
5. HABITS/USE: What evidence suggests that the flag is generally understood, within our culture, as something that is worthy of respect and more careful treatment then you might otherwise provide to a piece of fabric?
The citizens of the United States can follow many common misconceptions and misunderstand the code of the flag. The most common being the when the flag touches the ground then it must be destroyed or burned, but this is not true and the flag can be washed. Another misconception the that the flag cannot actually be washed but indeed it can if it is dirty. These things do not disrespect the flag and what it symbolizes, the purpose of using and maintaining the American flag should be to respect what it stands for and doing these things does not take away from that.
6. CONTROVERSY: Can you find any evidence to suggest that the flag itself is controversial? Or do there just seem to be ways of using it that are controversial?
It just seems to be the ways of using the flag is controversial. The American flag as a symbol and what it represents is clear and not controversial. What is controversial is whether a person decides to support what the flag and the United States stands for. The ways some people choose to show their patriotism and flag can be controversial to others like a story of this woman who hung
Sources
Omni Financial, Omni Military Loans Blog: American Flag Facts
CNN, Why free speech is baffling to many
Liberty Flags, The American Wave, 7 Common Misconceptions About the American Flag
AJC, American flag controversy: 'I'm disappointed in my country'
Punditcafe, Fun with Flags: What Do Flags Stand For - Significance & Meaning
Thursday, December 13, 2018
Ripple Effect Necktie
Ty Callahan
Block D
A neckties, in whatever form, has been used throughout history and can can symbolize many different things. Neck wear has ranged from being a material used to mark a warrior to stating someones rank in society. Throughout the years neckties have evolved into the ties we know today and can symbolize different things then they used to.
As the Industrial Revolution began, more and more jobs were being created and needed to be filled. Jobs in factories was not a refined experience and showed someones need for a job and their social status. At the time neck wear was fancy and unable to be tied in a tight knot and would last a work day. These types of stiff ties were hard to tie and did not have a place in the factories. A simple and comfortable way of wearing ties was sought over the more elegant and unnecessary dress by white collar workers everywhere. Once the simple four-in-hand knot method emerged the tie market skyrocketed. The Industrial Revolution served as a catalyst for the popularity of ties. Workers everywhere could have ties and tie them in a four-in-hand knot which would last the entire work day comfortably around their neck.
During this time a man named Jesse Langsdorf made a name for himself with the help of Richard Atkinson. Langsdorf was a New York tie maker who began creating ties by cutting the fabric on the bias. Instead of cutting along with the grain of the fabric or against the grain, Langsdorf would cut at a forty-five degree angle, which is the bias. He cut three pieces like this and would sew them together and make his ties. While Langsdorf's methods were unique his sewing skills were only average. Richard Atkinson helped with this. Atkinson used a slipstitch when sewing ties which secured the fabrics lining with the underlining and he introduced this to Langsdorf in the late 1920s. These types of ties were still long, thin, and easy to knot where it would not come undone but they now allowed for the standard knotted ties to go without twisting and becoming unorganized. Ties have evolved over time and have become increasingly more convenient for white collar workers.
Wearing a tie immediately gives the impression of formality and can give a presence of wealth based on the tie worn. Ties are the formal accessory that shows one's position in society as well as personality and mood. For a man on the top of the social scale he would wear a more dull or subtle color of tie. But men lower socially would wear a more vibrant tie. The more expensive a tie the stronger impression it gave as well as a higher likelihood to be hired for a job. During the time of the Industrial Revolution and into the 19th century the tie has been a symbol for those of higher social standing and wealth and someone who did not own a tie or could not afford one was seen as lower on the scale.
Today people of all ages and rankings can wear all types of vibrant or dull or thick or thin ties and the symbol of it showing one's social rank and wealth have faded. Ties are widely owned and now are used to complete an outfit and show flair.
Wednesday, November 28, 2018
Open-Note Timed Research Article Writing
The holiday of Thanksgiving is a widely known and famous event especially in the United States but similar holidays are celebrated elsewhere also. The meaning of Thanksgiving is always the same in that you reflect on what you have been given and you give thanks for these things. But the origins of the holiday is where the stories differ from person to person. The most popular misconception is that of the pilgrims and the thought that the holiday was originated with those people. The majority of people, especially little children, have false information about the true origins of Thanksgiving and do not know the role of Abraham Lincoln and Sarah Joseph Hale in the start of the holiday.
While pilgrims did travel to North American, on the Mayflower from Plymouth, England, the start of Thanksgiving was not cause of these people. Pilgrims only came the United States to search for a new ways to make money and to setup a religious theocracy. And the area they had secured for their colony was only available because the every last one of the native people, previously living there, had been wiped out by a plague. A year after the pilgrims settled a colony in 1620 in present day Massachusetts they experienced a large and successful harvest that resulted with a three-day celebration of feasting. This event is the reason for much misconceptions and thoughts that this is why Thanksgiving began especially since New Englanders called this celebration of pilgrims Thanksgiving in the 1830s. But successful harvests have been celebrated for centuries by Native Americans and European societies. What makes the event of the pilgrims celebrating their harvest so unique or special or something worth making a holiday after it? The true person to take responsibility for Thanksgiving is Sarah Joseph Hale.
Sarah Joseph Hale was a successful writer and editor and she was even responible for writing the well known poem “Mary Had a Little Lamb”. She also helped found the American Ladies Magazine in which she promoted women’s issues. She played her part in the role of making Thanksgiving official by writing and publishing “Northwood: A Tale of New England” in 1827. In her book she included a whole chapter about the holiday of Thanksgiving. Sarah regularly celebrated Thanksgiving and eventually lobbied state and federal officials to create an official Thanksgiving holiday. She wanted it to be always the last thursday of November and the point of it was to give thanks to Civil War victories, especially in Vicksburg and Gettysburg, in an effort to unify the North and South and reduce tension between the two. This idea had been around since the early republic and how military victories should be celebrated. But with help from Abraham Lincoln and William Seward, Sarah Joseph Hale’s Thanksgiving began a reality. President Lincoln made Thanksgiving official in 1863. And more than 30 states and U.S. territories were celebrating Thanksgiving and the United States was becoming more of a country as a whole.
While pilgrims did travel to North American, on the Mayflower from Plymouth, England, the start of Thanksgiving was not cause of these people. Pilgrims only came the United States to search for a new ways to make money and to setup a religious theocracy. And the area they had secured for their colony was only available because the every last one of the native people, previously living there, had been wiped out by a plague. A year after the pilgrims settled a colony in 1620 in present day Massachusetts they experienced a large and successful harvest that resulted with a three-day celebration of feasting. This event is the reason for much misconceptions and thoughts that this is why Thanksgiving began especially since New Englanders called this celebration of pilgrims Thanksgiving in the 1830s. But successful harvests have been celebrated for centuries by Native Americans and European societies. What makes the event of the pilgrims celebrating their harvest so unique or special or something worth making a holiday after it? The true person to take responsibility for Thanksgiving is Sarah Joseph Hale.
Sarah Joseph Hale was a successful writer and editor and she was even responible for writing the well known poem “Mary Had a Little Lamb”. She also helped found the American Ladies Magazine in which she promoted women’s issues. She played her part in the role of making Thanksgiving official by writing and publishing “Northwood: A Tale of New England” in 1827. In her book she included a whole chapter about the holiday of Thanksgiving. Sarah regularly celebrated Thanksgiving and eventually lobbied state and federal officials to create an official Thanksgiving holiday. She wanted it to be always the last thursday of November and the point of it was to give thanks to Civil War victories, especially in Vicksburg and Gettysburg, in an effort to unify the North and South and reduce tension between the two. This idea had been around since the early republic and how military victories should be celebrated. But with help from Abraham Lincoln and William Seward, Sarah Joseph Hale’s Thanksgiving began a reality. President Lincoln made Thanksgiving official in 1863. And more than 30 states and U.S. territories were celebrating Thanksgiving and the United States was becoming more of a country as a whole.
The misconception that the pilgrims were responsible for the beginning of Thanksgiving isn't completely true because it is greatly responsible for by Sarah Joseph Hale, Abraham Lincoln and William Seward.
Sources:
NYTs: Everything You Learned About Thanksgiving is Wrong
Histoy.com: Abraham Lincoln and the "Mother of Thanksgiving"
Smithsonian: The Invisible Way That Marketers Set the Menu for Your Thanksgiving Feast
NYTs: Everything You Learned About Thanksgiving is Wrong
Histoy.com: Abraham Lincoln and the "Mother of Thanksgiving"
Smithsonian: The Invisible Way That Marketers Set the Menu for Your Thanksgiving Feast
Tuesday, October 30, 2018
12 Years a Slave Film Review
I discovered the film critic Robbie Collin who took on the task to give her thoughts in a 12 Years a Slave movie review.
Paraphrase:
The film 12 Years a Slave has greatly outmatched all competitor movies taking on the topic of slavery in American. Although the topic of slavery for film is not a common occurrence and quite controversial this movie is still described as the the best film taking on this topic. In the beginning of the movie, the audience is left shocked with the protagonist and his life in New York. This movie is about slavery and we follow Solomon Northup, a free black man in upstate New York. It isn't until Solomon is kidnapped when we understand how Solomon fits into the slavery scene. After his kidnapping, Solomon was shipped to a plantation in slave owning Louisiana in 1841. This approach on slavery is widely unique and gives it individuality from other big pictures such as Gone With the Wind and Mandingo. Films such as these are scarce but 12 Years a Slave leaves that in the past and give us one of those mature and needed "films that unpick slavery’s all-debasing power-plays, enumerate its everyday horrors, show us the rhythms and rituals that have left it lingering in that nation’s muscle memory." This film never rolls the punches and gives the audience a break, it is full on the racism and physical violence and names calling to Solomon and many other African Americans. The fact that not to long ago Solomon was a free man in New York and now subject to immense suffering strikes deep in peoples hearts because none of what is going on in the movie to fair or right. After being sold to Ford, the Louisiana plantation owner, Solomon finds himself with an overseer at the plantation and it nearing killed by hanging from a tree by his neck. With a noose around his neck Solomon can barely reach the muddy ground beneath him in order to not suffocate and the camera does not flinch and focuses and zooms on Solomon's struggle to just not suffocate and survive his cruel punishment. Not soon after this, while Solomon is on a different plantation, field girl Patsy is being repetitively whipped by the master and eventually Solomon is forced to continue the to whip the girl by his own hands. These two people in the common task of surviving are now forced to whip one another and the audience is made to watch all the events that occur. Because of unique and mature included scenes and story "12 Years a Slave isn’t simply a masterpiece, it’s a milestone."
 |
| Hanging Scene in film 12 Years a Slave Illustrating the Struggle for African Americans to just keep their Lives |
Paraphrase:
The film 12 Years a Slave has greatly outmatched all competitor movies taking on the topic of slavery in American. Although the topic of slavery for film is not a common occurrence and quite controversial this movie is still described as the the best film taking on this topic. In the beginning of the movie, the audience is left shocked with the protagonist and his life in New York. This movie is about slavery and we follow Solomon Northup, a free black man in upstate New York. It isn't until Solomon is kidnapped when we understand how Solomon fits into the slavery scene. After his kidnapping, Solomon was shipped to a plantation in slave owning Louisiana in 1841. This approach on slavery is widely unique and gives it individuality from other big pictures such as Gone With the Wind and Mandingo. Films such as these are scarce but 12 Years a Slave leaves that in the past and give us one of those mature and needed "films that unpick slavery’s all-debasing power-plays, enumerate its everyday horrors, show us the rhythms and rituals that have left it lingering in that nation’s muscle memory." This film never rolls the punches and gives the audience a break, it is full on the racism and physical violence and names calling to Solomon and many other African Americans. The fact that not to long ago Solomon was a free man in New York and now subject to immense suffering strikes deep in peoples hearts because none of what is going on in the movie to fair or right. After being sold to Ford, the Louisiana plantation owner, Solomon finds himself with an overseer at the plantation and it nearing killed by hanging from a tree by his neck. With a noose around his neck Solomon can barely reach the muddy ground beneath him in order to not suffocate and the camera does not flinch and focuses and zooms on Solomon's struggle to just not suffocate and survive his cruel punishment. Not soon after this, while Solomon is on a different plantation, field girl Patsy is being repetitively whipped by the master and eventually Solomon is forced to continue the to whip the girl by his own hands. These two people in the common task of surviving are now forced to whip one another and the audience is made to watch all the events that occur. Because of unique and mature included scenes and story "12 Years a Slave isn’t simply a masterpiece, it’s a milestone."
Thursday, October 18, 2018
Paragraph Practice
A paragraph from Robert Ebert's review of the movie Lincoln:
"Lincoln believed slavery was immoral, but he also considered the 13th Amendment a masterstroke in cutting away the financial foundations of the Confederacy. In the film, the passage of the amendment is guided by William Seward (David Strathairn), his secretary of state, and by Rep. Thaddeus Stevens (Tommy Lee Jones), the most powerful abolitionist in the House. Neither these nor any other performances in the film depend on self-conscious histrionics; Jones in particular portrays a crafty codger with some secret hiding places in his heart." - Roger Ebert
My paraphrase of this selected passage:
Throughout the entirety of film, Lincoln knew the 13th Amendment was the only clever option for the South's economic dependency on slavery to end and be irreversible. The 13th Amendment wasn't only necessary to re-individualize the South's economy but also to fortify Lincoln's ideals in anti-slavery and human rights. David Strathairn, who played William Seward in the film, and Tommy Lee Jones, who played Thaddeus Stevens, both assumed their roles and genuinely became their characters, along with the rest of the performers, without the exaggerated and artificial actions like many actors. The actors adapted their characters like unto themselves, especially Tommy Lee Jones who became the quick-witted Thaddeus Stevens with his unforthcoming desires deep down. The key persons in support of Lincoln and his ideals happened to be Seward and Stevens and the influence and abolitionist spirit they possessed greatly contributed to Lincoln's plan of having the 13th Amendment passed.
"Lincoln believed slavery was immoral, but he also considered the 13th Amendment a masterstroke in cutting away the financial foundations of the Confederacy. In the film, the passage of the amendment is guided by William Seward (David Strathairn), his secretary of state, and by Rep. Thaddeus Stevens (Tommy Lee Jones), the most powerful abolitionist in the House. Neither these nor any other performances in the film depend on self-conscious histrionics; Jones in particular portrays a crafty codger with some secret hiding places in his heart." - Roger Ebert
My paraphrase of this selected passage:
Throughout the entirety of film, Lincoln knew the 13th Amendment was the only clever option for the South's economic dependency on slavery to end and be irreversible. The 13th Amendment wasn't only necessary to re-individualize the South's economy but also to fortify Lincoln's ideals in anti-slavery and human rights. David Strathairn, who played William Seward in the film, and Tommy Lee Jones, who played Thaddeus Stevens, both assumed their roles and genuinely became their characters, along with the rest of the performers, without the exaggerated and artificial actions like many actors. The actors adapted their characters like unto themselves, especially Tommy Lee Jones who became the quick-witted Thaddeus Stevens with his unforthcoming desires deep down. The key persons in support of Lincoln and his ideals happened to be Seward and Stevens and the influence and abolitionist spirit they possessed greatly contributed to Lincoln's plan of having the 13th Amendment passed.
Thursday, October 4, 2018
Reconstruction Ends
Why did Reconstruction come to an end in 1877?
- There was a confrontation between President Johnson and Congress over the reconstruction of the South and the Radical Republicans wanted Johnson out of office. Congress wanted to stop Johnson from firing senate-approved officials, especially Edwin E. Stanton, so they passed the Tenure of Office Act in 1867. Stanton was the Secretary of War appointed by Lincoln and he did not with Johnson's reconstruction policies. But Johnson dismissed Stanton anyways and he was tried in the House who voted 126 to 47 to impeach the president for "high crimes and misdemeanors". Johnson was one vote off of being impeached.
Several years later in 1868, Ulysses E. Grant be
Subscribe to:
Posts (Atom)